Adhesives Types and Terms
Types of Adhesives
- and acrylate adhesives offer fast bonding at room
temperature and are highly resistant to environmental conditions. They
are able to stick to oily surfaces and many types of materials, including
most metals, plastics, glass, ceramics and wood.
- are industrial spray adhesives that offer convenience
and performance for general purpose, foam and fabric, upholstery, screen
printing, labeling, palletizing, trim and laminating, high bond high
strength, high strength fast tack, pressure sensitive repositionable
and temporary or permanent bond applications.
- cure in the absence of oxygen. Curing is catalyzed
when bonding with surfaces where metallic ions are present.
- , or electrically conductive adhesives, offer electrical
and/or thermal conductivity between components.
- are fast setting adhesives commonly referred
to as "crazy glue." Only a small amount of these one-component
adhesives is necessary to form a rigid plastic layer that has high
strength.
- , or epoxy resins, are raw materials that can be formulated
to make paints, coatings or adhesives.
- are very strong and highly heat and chemical resistant.
They can be formulated to be either flexible or rigid, transparent
or opaque, fast setting or extremely slow setting, making them appropriate
for nearly any use.
- , or thermal adhesives, are viscous liquids at elevated
temperatures and generally set quickly when cooled. Types include fast
set, delayed set and pressure sensitive and common uses are for bookbinding,
product assembly and box and carton heat sealing.
- are substances that are used for bonding in thin
layers. They come on sheets of release paper that are wound in rolls
to be used in lamination presses or applied by hand with a plastic
squeegee or hand roller. The liner is then removed from the adhesive.
- are a newer form of adhesive technology developed
to offer superior performance compared to acrylic adhesive, which can
be brittle and less reliable. Methacrylates provide good gap fill,
excellent impact resistance, flexibility and peel and shear strengths,
medium to fast curing, and tolerance of dirty surfaces.
- , or UV adhesives, are cured by exposure to ultraviolet
light. These adhesives are commonly used in fiber optics and dentistry.
- bond with a wide range of materials and are tough
and flexible at low temperatures but weaken due to high temperatures
and contact with moisture.
- are used in membrane press operation. They
are heated to the proper temperature for lamination in the press and
then quickly set for the unloading and trimming of the piece.
- react with moisture in the air or the bonding
substrate to form a cured polymer layer with high strength. Silicone
and polyurethane are the most common.
- come as two-part formulas or pre-mixed, which
need to be mixed very well to give the best quality tough yet flexible
bonds that they can. They can form strong bonds to most materials and
are more flexible than epoxies.
- can not be softened with heat once they are set.
Thermoset materials include epoxies, polyesters, silicones, rubbers
and polyurethanes.
- consist of two or more components that react to
become chemically cross-linked. Their higher costs are related to their
extremely high bond strengths and exceptional performance, such as
epoxies, polyurethanes, acrylics, and silicones.
- , or aqueous adhesives, use water as a carrier
or diluting medium. They set when the water evaporates or is absorbed
by the substrate.
Adhesives Terms
- A substance that
is resistant to adhesion and can be used as a non-sticky surface coating
for baking tins, frying pans, metal pots, etc. Examples are Teflon and
silicone.
- Something bonded to something else through the use
of an adhesive.
- How crack resistant a bonded adhesive is when
stretched and strained.
- Hardening or solidifying by cooling, drying or crystallization.
Also referred to as setting.
- Covers large
areas with a relatively heavy coating of adhesive. Parts are passed through
a "waterfall" of coating
in an automated conveyor line.
- Can be an adhesive coating that hardens to form a
protective layer to prevent degradation of whatever it encapsulates,
such as electronic components.
- The maximum load an adhesive bond will sustain
when subjected to repeated stress.
- An adhesive's ability to resist shock
from a direct perpendicular physical blow.
- A measurement of the bond strength of an adhesive
determined by the force per unit width required to separate bonded materials
by applying stress in a "peeling" motion.
- An easily removable protecting and/or carrier
sheet for certain adhesives, commonly film and laminating adhesives.
- Thick, sticky hydrocarbon plant secretions great for
varnishes and adhesives.
- A method for applying adhesive, the simplest form
of which is using a paint roller, but usually the coating rolls are part
of a roll coating machine that precisely controls layer thickness, does
not allow waste and is good for large surfaces at high speeds.
- A method
of applying adhesive in specific patterns by way of forcing it through
a screen using a squeegee. The size of the screen openings determines
the coating thickness.
- How resilient a material, such as a cured adhesive,
is to a parallel stress acting upon it, which can cause an irreversible
continuous, non-fracturing deformation.
- The material surface upon which an adhesive is spread
for bonding or coating. More specifically adherend.
- A measurement of an adhesive's bond strength
based on how resistant it is to tension, being stretched and strained.
- A fast method of applying a thin layer of
adhesive in a precise pattern, such as on envelope flaps. Usually done
using rollers; flat plates can also be used.
- An adhesive's bond strength immediately after
it has been immersed in a liquid under specified conditions of time,
temperature and pressure.